KMID : 0606920150230060531
|
|
Biomolecules & Therapeutics 2015 Volume.23 No. 6 p.531 ~ p.538
|
|
Simvastatin Reduces Lipopolysaccharides-Accelerated Cerebral Ischemic Injury via Inhibition of Nuclear Factor-kappa B Activity
|
|
Jalin Angela M. A. Anthony
Lee Jae-Chul Cho Geum-Sil Kim Chun-Sook Ju Chung Pahk Ki-Soo Song Hwa-Young Kim Won-Ki
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
Preceding infection or inflammation such as bacterial meningitis has been associated with poor outcomes after stroke. Previously, we reported that intracorpus callosum microinjection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) strongly accelerated the ischemia/reperfusion-evoked brain tissue damage via recruiting inflammatory cells into the ischemic lesion. Simvastatin, 3-hydroxy-3-methylgultaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase inhibitor, has been shown to reduce inflammatory responses in vascular diseases. Thus, we investigated whether simvastatin could reduce the LPS-accelerated ischemic injury. Simvastatin (20 mg/kg) was orally administered to rats prior to cerebral ischemic insults (4 times at 72, 48, 25, and 1-h pre-ischemia). LPS was microinjected into rat corpus callosum 1 day before the ischemic injury. Treatment of simvastatin reduced the LPS-accelerated infarct size by 73%, and decreased the ischemia/reperfusion-induced expressions of pro-inflammatory mediators such as iNOS, COX-2 and IL-1¥â in LPS-injected rat brains. However, simvastatin did not reduce the infiltration of microglial/macrophageal cells into the LPS-pretreated brain lesion. In vitro migration assay also showed that simvastatin did not inhibit the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-evoked migration of microglial/macrophageal cells. Instead, simvastatin inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-¥êB, a key signaling event in expressions of various proinflammatory mediators, by decreasing the degradation of I¥êB. The present results indicate that simvastatin may be beneficial particularly to the accelerated cerebral ischemic injury under inflammatory or infectious conditions.
|
|
KEYWORD
|
|
Simvastatin, Cerebral Stroke, Cytokine, Inflammation, Macrophages, Microglia
|
|
FullTexts / Linksout information
|
|
|
|
Listed journal information
|
|
|
|